SM0134 - DISCOVERY 4 (LR4) - System Help file
Version 1.27
SM134 - DISCOVERY 4 (LR4) - System Overview
The electronics of the Discovery Series 4, also known as LR4 in the USA and code named L319 are comprised of around 25 separate ECU’s (nodes) which are all interconnected by high speed communication Busses. This allows them to interact with each other at high levels of interdependency, sharing information vital to their operation. A fault in any one ECU or its removal often has knock on effects in the others, with them storing bus error or missing node fault codes. Most of the ECU’s use either a High speed (500K) or Medium speed (125K) CAN bus, which are both wired to the Diagnostic socket, these are also interconnected by the Instrument pack which acts as a built in gateway between the two busses. However the ECU’s related to information or entertainment that might additionally have to exchange Video or Audio data use a special fibre optic bus called the MOST bus. This bus is not connected to the diagnostic socket but is connected to the Medium speed CAN bus through the main Audio Head Unit which again acts as a gateway.

High line or Low Line Audio
The Discovery 4 has 2 options for Audio equipment most noted by the head unit in the centre of the dash board. The High Line Audio head unit has a 3 x 4 button matrix immediately to the left of it's LCD display panel and the Low Line audio head unit has a row of 6 buttons underneath it's LCD display panel.

High line or Low Line Instrument Pack
The Discovery 4 can be fitted with either a High Line or a Low Line instrument Pack. The difference is that the high line Instrument Pack has a large LCD panel in the lower centre which is replaced with a set of individually illuminating symbols on the Low Line Instrument Pack. The following table shows the ECU’s fitted to this vehicle.

System Name System Acronym Group Name Communication Type
Petrol Normally Aspirated V8 PCM Petrol EMS HS CAN BUS
Petrol Normally Aspirated V6 PCM Petrol EMS HS CAN BUS
Diesel V6 PCM Diesel EMS HS CAN BUS
Central Junction Box / BCU BCM Body Control MS CAN BUS
ABS / ETC ABS ABS / ETC HS CAN BUS
Park Brake Module PBM ABS / ETC HS CAN BUS
Ride Level Module (EAS) EAS Suspension HS CAN BUS
Restraints Control Module RCM Safety Restraint HS CAN BUS
Occupant Classification System OCS Safety Restraint HS CAN BUS
Transmission Control Module TCM Transmission HS CAN BUS
Transfer Box Control Module TCCM Transmission HS CAN BUS
Rear Differential Control Module RDCM Transmission HS CAN BUS
Heating Ventilation and AC HEVAC Climate Control MS CAN BUS
Fuel Burning Heater FBH Climate Control MS CAN BUS
Instrument Pack Low Line IPAC Instrumentation HS CAN BUS
Instrument Pack High Line IPAC Instrumentation HS CAN BUS
Adaptive Front Lighting System FLM Lighting HS CAN BUS
Audio Amplifier Module AAM Audio and Video MOST BUS
Integrated Head Unit (Radio) Low Line IHU Audio and Video MS CAN BUS / MOST BUS
Integrated Head Unit (Radio) High Line IHU Audio and Video MS CAN BUS / MOST BUS
Satellite Radio Module SDARS Audio and Video MOST BUS
LCD Touch Screen Display (Front Electronics Module) FEM Audio and Video MOST BUS
Rear Entertainment Module REM Audio and Video MOST BUS
Traffic Message Channel TCM Audio and Video MOST BUS
Television Module TV Audio and Video MOST BUS
Telephone TEL Audio and Video MOST BUS
Steering Angle Sensor STANGLE Steering HS CAN BUS
All Terrain Control Module ATCM Drivers Aid HS CAN BUS
Cruise Control CCM Drivers Aid HS CAN BUS
Parking Distance Control PDC Drivers Aid MS CAN BUS
Tyre Pressure Monitor TPM Drivers Aid MS CAN BUS


SM134 - DISCOVERY 4 (LR4) - Known Fitments
Vehicle makes, models and variants known or believed to be using this vehicle system, required diagnostic lead and degree of known compatibility.

Vehicle Make Vehicle Model Vehicle Variant Diagnostic Lead
Land Rover Discovery 4 All Models LD020/LD021

SM134 - DISCOVERY 4 (LR4) - Physical Details

SM134 - DISCOVERY 4 (LR4) - Diagnostic Capabilities (Read Fault Codes)

The Reading Fault codes ability of this software module is also supported by the Stand Alone Diagnostic capabilities of the Faultmate MSV-2 Extreme. In some cases Abbreviations are used to save space on the LCD display of the EXTREME, in which case the abbreviation we use is shown in capitals within square brackets [LIKE THIS]

The functionality of each of this vehicles ECU's in respect of its strategy / methodology for detecting, recording and reporting faults follows the format of a new and very advanced industry standard known as ISO 14229. It is one of the very first vehicles to support this new standard and as such not all ECU's fully support all its features or get it exactly right. It therefore requires some understanding to use and interpret correctly, but is far more informative and helpful in helping properly fix any problem in a vehicle.

The ISO 14229 standard defines Fault codes, which it calls DTC's (Diagnostic Trouble Codes) as 2 byte code values / meanings (up to 65536 possibilities). These translate to a 5 digit codes that are prefixed with a letter, P, B, U, C that groups each fault respectively into Powertrain, Body, Chassis and Network related. These 2 Byte code meanings are by definition quite basic with a third byte then being used to provide additional further detail in the form of a lookup of nearly 100 possible fault causes of 256 possible, EG open circuit, Short to Battery, Out of Range, too high, out of range too low, implausible value etc, This last byte value is sometimes described as being added to the previous five digit code, giving a resultant seven digit code. However our system translates the entire code to readable text, including the detail. In addition another byte is used to indicate the faults status, Ie Permanent [PERM], Pending [PEND], Intermittent [INT] or Historic [HIST].

  • Tested fault codes [DTC]: This function is like the traditional fault code memory in that any faults shown here have been tested and have failed.
  • Not tested fault codes [NTDTC]: One of the status bits in this status byte that is allocated to each possible code is a test state bit. This bit defines if the self diagnostic test associated with, or that would cause a particular code to be logged, has been performed by the vehicle system control unit or not, since the last time the fault memory was cleared. This feature actually means that after clearing the fault code memory, every single possible fault code that could be stored by each ECU is in fact stored right from the beginning but with a associated status of being a not tested Diagnostic Trouble code [NTDTC]. This means That the ECU did not fail the test that cause the fault code to be logged, but then it did not pass any test either, in essence it does not yet know if there is a problem in that circuit or not. Many of these NTDTC's will disappear almost straight away, when the system is first used or the ignition turned on, because most of the tests associated with these NTDTC's require no particularly special criteria to be met and therefore occur immediately, and they will pass. However, some tests may require the vehicle to be driven or warmed up, or put under a particular load or other input circumstances met, before the conditions for running some of the tests are valid. Of course any test which runs and then fails, leaves the fault listed but changes its status from NTDTC to DTC [DTC], meaning it is showing a problem.

    It is noted that some NTDTC's are also stored with a status of permanent [PERM], possibly meaning that it can never perform a particular test perhaps due to configuration or settings elements.

    This feature obviously helps validate any fixes greatly because now you can not only see if a particular test associated with a DTC failed but also if the test was ran at all and therefore by use of the two, if the test actually passed.

  • Freeze Frame [FF]: For some vehicle ECU's there is the possibility, under certain circumstances, for tests detecting faults to store any number of freeze frame [FF] or Snap shot type information records in association with a particular DTC. However because some tests, require multiple occurrences before they are considered as a fail, there is the possibility for a vehicle system to actually store Freeze Frame data before the test reaches its pre defined fail level (ie During Pending status). In total therefore there are four different record types, which are given numerical designations of 0, 1, 16, and 17.

    Record Type 0 denotes records that are created at the point when a fault first occurs often enough to be of notice to the ECU since the code memory was last reset. This may be the very first time it failed its test, or a number of times that were pre set in an occurrence counter for it. For example if an engine starts to mis fire, It may be that the engine Management allows up to five mis fires per trip without taking any notice other than keeping a count, but when five misfires happen, it sets the fault code to indicate a misfire problems with a pending status and may also store a type 0 record.

    Record Type 1 is used for records that are created at a secondary point of interest to the ECU, which is typically incremental. For example every time an engine mis fires over 10 times before it gets triggered as a current DTC.

    Record Type 16 is the most common one, is almost always present and indeed is manadatory on many systems. It is the one used for records that are created at the point when a fault trips the occurrence counter enough times to be considered a current fault.

    Record Type 17 is used for records that are created at every further point when a fault occurs since it was logged as a current fault

    As there can be a lot of information for each record type and the possibility for there to be many records of each type, we have put buttons that only show any stored freeze frame data for each DTC on request in order to reduce the amount of text on the screen. And to more easily see the difference between Tested DTC [DTC] and not tested DTC [NTDTC] we have separated them into two distinct groups.

    All Freeze Frame data records consist of a number of pieces of information. some will always be present and some only under certain circumstances. The first piece of information is the amount of time that has passed from when a fault was logged until the point in time that you read the memory causing the display you will be viewing. For example if you wait ten seconds and re read this information this value will now show 10 more seconds that the previous time you read it. This feature depends upon a Global vehicle time marker being stored in the ECU at the point of time the fault was logged and then some mathematics being calculated against the current Global Vehicle time marker, whenever the information is requested. Sadly it seems that the vehicle ECU's all to often don't store the correct global real time value during fault logging or some how otherwise calculate the time incorrectly and gives any diagnostic equipment, be it ours or Land Rovers own IDS equipment some quite unrealistic values.

    The Second piece of information stored is the odometer value when the DTC was logged which we show in miles and Kilometres, we also use this against the current value to display the distance covered in both units too. Sadly again it seems that the vehicles ECU's are not entirely dependable in storing this information and although whenever we detect invalid values, we choose to display N/A (not available (Not Available) it is common for most tools capable of reading and displaying this data such as the Main Dealers IDS tool to display large negative values. The Third fourth and fifth pieces of information are the ECU' main supply voltage and whether the engine was running or not or being cranked. There may also be additional internal or external temperature values saved too.


SM134 - DISCOVERY 4 (LR4) - Diagnostic Capabilities (Clear Fault Codes)
This function Clears all faults from the ECU memory and resets all counters. If a bus error has occurred or an ECU has been removed, it may be required to clear the fault memory of all ECU's on the vehicle. This function is also supported by the stand alone diagnostic capabilities of the Faultmate MSV-2 Extreme

SM134 - DISCOVERY 4 (LR4) - Diagnostic Capabilities (Settings)

Standard Settings
The provided settings for nearly all of the Discovery 4 / LR4 / Range Rover Sport ECU's, comprise of about a dozen pieces of numerical information related to hardware and software versions, various manufacturers part numbers, the Vehicles VIN number and the Current Network status.

Car Configuration File (CCF) Settings
The Body Control contains a very special block of Data called a Car Configuration File (CCF). This centralized block of data actually defines and sets the current configuration settings for just about all of the on board systems in the entire vehicle. The Data block is broken down into hundreds of individually configurable settings which are then shared across the vehicles CAN network in real time so all of the vehicles on board systems can know their own configuration and that of all other ECU's on the vehicles network. By using this single source of configuration setting data, there is no requirement to have any configuration settings held in each ECU, making replacement far simpler. There is also 1 copy of this data kept as back up in the engine management ECU's should they be required and the Manufacturers IDS system also has a back up copy of the original "as Built" CCF data for every single vehicle manufactured by Ford / Land Rover etc, supplied on each DVD ROM update.

For convenience, the several hundred CCF settings have been broken down into smaller sections on the same page, and absolutely all of them can be changed at will. However due to the sheer volume of configuration settings, we strongly recommend that the first step for anyone is always to save the original settings and stick with the original values for anything you do not specifically want or need to change. Experimentation is of course possible but ultimately you are responsible for any changes you make and you must consider any possible negative effect on the vehicles operationally. So we would advise against things like changing the engine or transmission type unless you really have changed the engine or transmission.Please note that on post 2010 vehicles the development of the CCF editing and flashing of ecus is stil very much under development.

Obviously it is possible to beneficially alter the way the vehicle works and functions in many cases and it is easy to add software only features / enhancements such as 4x4 info, Voice command etc. And of course the vehicle can be re configured to suit any physical additions. However in a lot of cases making changes in the CCF Configuration settings file may not have any visible or determinable effect on the vehicles functionality, this can be for a number of reasons.
  • The CCF data block, in it's current format, is actually also used as is across multiple brands and models all built under Fords global Design Strategy. Therefore many of the settings may not relevant or used by any of the ECU's or systems fitted in the Discovery 4 / LR4 / Range Rover Sport.

  • Settings that may appear to be relevant by description, might actually be only optional by virtue of the CCF setting on another model or vehicle. In the Discovery 4 / LR4 / Range Rover sport, the relevant ECU's operation system may be programmed to always work a specific way, regardless of any option setting within the CCF block.

  • The Vehicle may require additional Hardware, ECU's or wiring to actually physically be present. For example enabling rear seta entertainment on the HLDF will cause the HLDF to display the Icon for it, but as the HLDF can then not find the Rear Seat Entertainment ECU on its most Bus, the Icon remains Grayed out.

  • The Vehicle requires its ECU to be a different part number or have a different version of operating software loaded into it.

  • Some parameters, such as the VIN, cannot be changed in the instrument packs CCF file whenever the odometer reading is above a set threshold.

In order to help identify which settings are typically changing within other examples of the same model, we have collated the settings values for a large cross section of Discovery 4's / LR4's / Range Rover Sport's and have highlighted all those settings that are known to differ from vehicle to vehicle. This is not a definitive selection however as many other setting may be functional, but by default, all vehicles are always set the same way. We have also added a percentage value to the end of each selection which shows approximately how many of the vehicles in our cross section selection were set to each of the possible values or options.

Car Configuration Backup & Restore

With these functions you can save your car configuration settings prior to editing to cover against detrimental changes that may cause engine management faults leading to various vehicle misbehaviour. Please use Server Software Manager to organise your car configuration backups which are denoted by the starting letter "C" followed by the location letter (ex. A,B,C). Only backups matching the current vehicle VIN are able to be restored.

Air Suspension Settings
  • EAS Actual Heights: These four values are the calculated height of the four corners of the vehicle derived from the height sensor inputs. they are provided here for reference only.

  • EAS Calibration Heights: These four values are used to compensate for manufacturer tolerances and mounting tolerances on the height sensors and their linkages. Re calibration is required any time that an ECU is replaced, or a sensor / link rod is removed and refitted or replaced. The adjustment is in half Millimetre increments and while any value can be entered, the ECU accepts only adjustments in the range plus 50 to minus 50. As it is a calibration value designed to correct an offset, the value works in opposition to the direction of movement. Therefore reducing the calibration value causes the vehicle to rise and adding to the value causes it to be lower. The distance measurement is made from the centre of the wheel to the lower edge of the wheel arch directly above it, and on calibrating a given corner, the target distance measurement the calibration value should be altered to achieve, should be the same as that measured on the opposite side of the vehicle. It is always a wise thing to first save a copy of the initial settings before any modification is done, and also note that if incorrectly calibrated such that the vehicle rides higher than designed, the centre of gravity may become high enough to make the vehicle unstable at higher speeds. The modifier of these values to such extremes may well become liable in the event of an accident.

SM134 - DISCOVERY 4 (LR4) - Diagnostic Capabilities (Inputs)
Real time live display of the information the electronic control unit of the selected vehicle system is currently deriving from its input sensors.

ELECTRONIC AIR SUSPENSION INPUT VALUES
  • Actual Heights x 4 : These four values are the calculated height of the four corners of the vehicle derived from the height sensor inputs.
  • Height Sensor Supply Voltages x 4 : The voltages being supplied to the four height sensors.
  • Current Consumption of Valves x 12 : The current consumption of each of the valves within the EAS system.
  • Valve Open Percentages x 12 : The percentage that each of the valves within the EAS system is currently being opened by.
  • Gallery Pressure Kpa: The calculated pressure from the gallery pressure sensor.
  • Gallery Pressure Sensor Voltage: The voltage being read from the gallery pressure sensor.
  • Motor Temperature (C) : The temperature of the compressor motor.
  • Compressor Temperature (C) : The temperature of the air compressor.
  • System Measured Voltages x 4 : These four values are the measured voltage being applied to four items of particular interest to the system.
  • LED Current : The Current consumption of the LED(s)
  • Pressure Sensor Supply Voltage: The voltage being supplied to the gallery pressure sensor.
ELECTRONIC AIR SUSPENSION INPUT STATES
  • System States x 28 : 28 digital status's derived by either digital inputs, such as user controls and switches or internally calculated and controlled states such as system operation mode, LED being illuminated or currently assigned ride level.


ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM - (This is divided into 2 sections)INLET, OUTLET & OTHER -- MOUNTING, WHEEL SPEED, & OTHER

INLET, OUTLET
  • ABS Inlet Valve Status Front left:
  • ABS Inlet Valve Status Front Right:
  • ABS Inlet Valve Status Rear Left:
  • ABS Inlet Valve Status Rear Right:
  • ABS Outlet Valve Status Front left:
  • ABS Outlet Valve Status Front Right:
  • ABS Outlet Valve Status Rear Left:
  • ABS Outlet Valve Status Rear Right:


  • OTHER
  • ETC Priming Switching 1&2:
  • ETC Priming Valve 1&2:
  • Body Roll Rate (%):
  • Brake Fluid Hydrolic Pressure (KPa):
  • Control Module Supply Voltage B:
  • Longitudinal Acceleration (°/s):
  • Steering Wheel Angle (°):
  • Vehicle Mode:
MOUNTING, WHEEL SPEED
  • Wheel Speed Front left(KM/H):
  • Wheel Speed Front Right(KM/H):
  • Wheel Speed Rear left(KM/H):
  • Wheel Speed Rear Right(KM/H):
  • Mounting Front left:
  • Mounting Front Right:
  • Mounting Rear left:
  • Mounting Rear Right:
  • Direction of Rotation x4:


  • OTHER
  • Yaw Rate (°/s):
  • Lateral Accelerometer (G):
  • Wheel Speed (KM/H):

SM134 - DISCOVERY 4 (LR4) - Diagnostic Capabilities (Outputs)
ELECTRONIC AIR SUSPENSION OUTPUTS

CAUTION : These features will cause the vehicle to move, please ensure adequate clearance and that no body can be harmed by movement of the vehicle before using them.
  • Valves x 8 : Manual override control is provided over the open or closed state of all the EAS system valves. When opened in the respective combination, it will cause the corners of the vehicle to raise or lower.
  • Return All Outputs to ECU Control: This return the management and control of the valves back to the EAS ECU.
  • Refill Reservoir: This causes the Air compressor to add pressure to the system reservoir. To maintain a lower duty cycle the compressor will not run for more than 1 minute and should not be repeatedly re ran without chance to rest and cool to normal operating temperature.
  • Lower Vehicle : This opens all four corner valves and the exhaust valve to lower the vehicle as far as possible
  • Raise Vehicle : This opens all four corner valves and the Reservoir valve to raise the vehicle as far as possible, it also runs the compressor to make up for lost pressure. To maintain a lower duty cycle the compressor will not run for more than 1 minute and should not be repeatedly re ran without chance to rest and cool to normal operating temperature.

SM134 - DISCOVERY 4 (LR4) - Diagnostic Capabilities (Other)
ELECTRONIC AIR SUSPENSION

CAUTION : These features will cause the vehicle to move, please ensure adequate clearance and that no body can be harmed by movement of the vehicle before using them.
  • Deflate x 2 : These 2 special functions cause the system to expel air from the respective elements of the EAS system. They can take quite some time as they wait for the system to report back completion before ending. The features also then put the ECU into a specially disabled state so any work can mores safely be carried out. It should be noted that even after running these functions some residual air may remain in the system so the usual precautions should still be observed.
  • Enable EAS x 2: These 2 buttons form a single function to re enable the EAS after a deflate function has been used.
  • Set Control Tolerance State to Tight Tolerance: The Tolerance state of the EAS ECU should be set to a tight tolerance state for any geometry measurement and adjustment.

INSTRUMENT PACK

  • Reset Service Oil Interval
    This routine will reset service interval.

TDV6 ENGINE MANAGEMENT

  • Oil Service Dilution Reset
    This routine will reset the value of oil mass due to oil dilution and is required when the engine oil is changed.
  • Water in Fuel Detection Reset
    This routine will reset the water in fuel detection.

PARK BRAKE MODULE

  • Longitudinal accelerometer calibration
    Make sure that the vehicle is on a level surface and that it remains stationary throughout the whole procedure. Make sure the parking brake module is correctly secured to the vehicle and that the parking brake is applied.
  • Drive the Park Brake to the mounting position.
    the following operation will drive the parking brake to the mounting position, allowing the brake cables to be connected to the brakes. This may be necessary if the park brake is operated without the cables being connected to the brakes. This can lead to a condition where not enough cable is available to connect the brakes.
  • Drive the Park Brake to the latching position
    This function will drive the Park Brake to the latching position, which might be necessary if the park brake emergency release was operated.
  • Park Brake un jam
    This will drive the Park Brake so it is un jammed by first driving it in the release direction and then into the mount position. Engine must be running at idle. After completing this procedure: check the condition of the rear brake shoes drums as well as that the brake cables are correctly attached.

ABS

    Brake Bleed
    A function to power bleed the ABS hydraulic system for each of the four corners. Open the bleed nipple, run the function which pumping the pedal until all air is expelled, then close nipple & end running function.

STEERING ANGLE SENSOR

  • Calibrate
    A function to calibrate the steering angle sensors straight ahead position. Set the wheels exactly directly straight ahead then run this function.

FUEL BURNING HEATER

  • Prime
    Ensure heater is off and ign is on.
  • Test Routine
    The function will run correctly only with the engine running. Ensure the area is well ventilated.

DRIVER'S/PASSENGER'S DOOR MODULE

  • Driver's/Passenger's Door Window Travel Calibration
    This routine learns the top position of the door window glass, which enables pinch protection and one touch up function.
    Make sure the driver's door and window glass are fully closed. This routine will power the window glass so make sure there are no objects that may interfere with the door glass calibration.